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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">The Clinician</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">The Clinician</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиницист</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8338</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-8775</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">632</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8338-2025-19-3-K734</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Novel forms of nicotine delivery as a tool for smoking cessation in patients with cardiovascular pathology (review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные формы доставки никотина как инструмент по отказу от курения у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистой патологией (обзор)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-0667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yufereva</surname><given-names>Yulia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юферева</surname><given-names>Юлия Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>yulija74@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-4282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Regushevskaya</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Регушевская</surname><given-names>Дарья Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dvregushevskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница № 1 им. Н.И. Пирогова Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-03"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Yufereva Y.M., Regushevskaya D.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Юферева Ю.М., Регушевская Д.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yufereva Y.M., Regushevskaya D.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юферева Ю.М., Регушевская Д.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://klinitsist.abvpress.ru/Klin/article/view/632">https://klinitsist.abvpress.ru/Klin/article/view/632</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Although smoking cessation is the most cost-effective approach to prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, the number of smokers does not decrease. Currently, the possibility of using new forms of nicotine delivery – electronic cigarettes (ECs) and electronic heated tobacco products (HTPs) – to quit is being discussed. The majority of specialized societies are opposed to the use of ECs and HTPs for this purpose, but a number of studies have demonstrated their effectiveness. Our aim was to provide a descriptive review of the literature on the possibility of using ECs and HTPs as additional tools for smoking cessation. The 2025 Cochrane review found that ECs with nicotine are more effective for smoking cessation than nicotine replacement therapy, nicotine-free ECs, and behavioral therapy. According to the 2022 Cochrane review on the use of HTPs for smoking cessation, there was less exposure to toxins/carcinogens while using HTPs compared to conventional smoking. Finally, the 2023 systematic review of randomized clinical trials of the effects of HTPs on the cardiovascular system demonstrated a significant reduction in biomarkers involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and endothelial dysfunction. The use of ECs may be feasible in patients who are not ready to quit and not interested in pharmacological smoking cessation support, as mentioned in the 2018 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on Tobacco Cessation Treatment. The potential for the use of ECs for smoking cessation is also mentioned in the 2023 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Guideline for the Management of Patients with Chronic Coronary Disease and in the 2024 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the Management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes. At the same time, none of the new forms of nicotine delivery should be considered completely safe and recommended for long-term use, especially in adolescents, young adults, pregnant women, as well as in nonsmoking adults.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Отказ от курения является одним из самых эффективных подходов к профилактике и лечению сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, однако число курящих лиц не уменьшается. Среди способов отказа от курения обсуждается использование новых форм доставки никотина – электронных сигарет (ЭС) и электронных систем нагревания табака (СНТ). Несмотря на то что многие профессиональные сообщества отрицают целесообразность использования ЭС и СНТ, в ряде исследований продемонстрирована их эффективность. Цель настоящей работы – описательный обзор литературы о возможностях применения ЭС и СНТ как вспомогательного инструмента по прекращению курения. В Кокрейновском обзоре 2025 г. показано, что ЭС с никотином более эффективны в отказе от курения, чем никотинзаместительная терапия, ЭС без никотина и поведенческая терапия. Более того, продемонстрировано, что применение СНТ для прекращения курения сопряжено с меньшим воздействием токсинов и канцерогенов, чем обычное курение. В систематическом обзоре рандомизированных клинических исследований (2023) отмечается, что СНТ значительно снижает уровни биомаркеров воспаления, окислительного стресса, липидного обмена и эндотелиальной дисфункции. В консенсусе Американской коллегии кардиологов по вопросам прекращения курения у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями 2018 г. указано, что применение ЭС может быть оправдано у пациентов, не готовых бросить курить и не заинтересованных в использовании фармакологической поддержки отказа от курения. Возможность применения ЭС с целью отказа от курения упоминается в обновленных рекомендациях Американской коллегии кардиологов по ведению пациентов с хроническим коронарным синдромом (2023) и Европейского общества кардиологов по лечению хронического коронарного синдрома (2024). В то же время ни одну из новых форм доставки никотина нельзя считать полностью безопасной, и они не могут быть рекомендованы для долгосрочного использования, в особенности подростками, молодыми людьми, беременными, а также взрослыми лицами, которые не употребляют табачные изделия.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>smoking cessation</kwd><kwd>electronic cigarettes</kwd><kwd>heated tobacco products</kwd><kwd>nicotine</kwd><kwd>harm reduction</kwd><kwd>nicotine replacement therapy</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular risk</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>отказ от курения</kwd><kwd>электронные сигареты</kwd><kwd>системы нагревания табака</kwd><kwd>никотин</kwd><kwd>снижение вреда</kwd><kwd>никотинзаместительная терапия</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистый риск</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">отсутствует</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dawber T.R., Kannel W.B., Revotskie N. et al. 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