The ClinicianThe ClinicianКлиницист1818-83382412-8775Publishing House ABV Press45310.17650/1818-8338-2020-14-3-4-K633REVIEWОБЗОРInterleukin 6 in aging and age­-related diseasesРоль интерлейкина 6 при старении и возрастассоциированных заболеванияхhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-8432TopolyanskayaS. V.ТополянскаяС. В.
Russian Federation

Build 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991

Светлана Викторовна Тополянская

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

sshekshina@yahoo.comSechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)15102020143-410172601202126012021Copyright ©; 2020, Topolyanskaya S.V.Copyright ©; 2020, Тополянская С.В.2020Topolyanskaya S.V.Тополянская С.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://klinitsist.abvpress.ru/Klin/article/view/453

Modern concepts about the importance of subclinical inflammation in various age-associated pathology are described in the review. The term “inflammaging” (inflammation due to aging) refers to the special role of inflammation in the aging processes. This type of inflammation is low-grade, controlled, asymptomatic, chronic and systemic. Inflammaging determines the rate of aging and life expectancy. The balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines plays a significant role in aging processes. The increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the elderly are associated with different diseases, disability and mortality. Interleukin-6 is a multifunctional cytokine involved in the regulation of acute phase response and other immunological reactions, in the hematopoiesis and in chronic inflammation. This cytokine is important in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation diseases, as well as different oncological disorders. Interleukin-6 is often called the “cytokine of gerontologists”, since it is one of the main signaling pathways associated with aging and age-related diseases. This cytokine also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure and increases the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases and overall mortality. Interleukin-6 is a key proinflammatory cytokine responsible for the “metabolic inflammation”, obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. This cytokine has a significant impact on the development of sarcopenia and frailty. The serum levels of interleukin-6 negatively correlate with muscle mass and skeletal muscle function in the elderly, so it is considered as a biomarker of sarcopenia and functional decline. Interleukin-6 may contribute to the development of osteoporosis by stimulating osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. The modern data indicate the diverse effects of interleukin-6 and confirm the significant role of this cytokine in aging and in different age-associated pathology.

В обзоре отражены современные представления о роли субклинического воспаления при различных возрастассоциированных патологических состояниях. Такого рода воспаление принимает особое участие в процессах старения (inflammaging). Характеризуется оно как незначительное, контролируемое, бессимптомное, хроническое и системное, во многом определяя скорость старения и продолжительность жизни. В отличие от обычного воспалительного ответа на какой­либо патологический агент воспаление по мере старения не исчезает, а стабильно сохраняется, приводя к различным патологическим изменениям: атеросклерозу, ишемической болезни сердца, сахарному диабету 2­го типа, остеопорозу, саркопении, деменции, онкологическим и другим заболеваниям. Повышенное содержание таких провоспалительных цитокинов, как интерлейкин 6, у пожилых людей связано с различными заболеваниями, инвалидизацией и смертностью.Интерлейкин 6 – многофункциональный цитокин, участвующий в регуляции острофазового ответа и других иммунных реакций, в процессах кроветворения и хронического воспаления, имеет серьезное значение в патогенезе хронических воспалительных заболеваний и различных онкологических процессов. Его часто называют цитокином геронтологов, поскольку это один из основных сигнальных путей, связанных со старением и возрастассоциированными заболеваниями.. Этот цитокин играет важную роль в патогенезе атеросклероза, ишемической болезни сердца, хронической сердечной недостаточности, он увеличивает риск смерти от сердечно­сосудистых заболеваний и уровень общей смертности. Интерлейкин 6 – ключевой провоспалительный цитокин, ответственный за развитие так называемого метаболического воспаления, ожирения, инсулинорезистентности и сахарного диабета, он оказывает существенное влияние на развитие саркопении и старческой астении. Концентрация интерлейкина 6 в крови отрицательно коррелирует с мышечной массой и функцией скелетных мышц у пожилых людей, поэтому его рассматривают в качестве биомаркера саркопении и функционального снижения. Интерлейкин 6 может способствовать развитию остеопороза, стимулируя остеокластогенез и резорбцию костной ткани. Накопленные к настоящему времени данные свидетельствуют о многообразных эффектах этого цитокина и подтверждают его значимую роль в процессах старения и при различных возраст­ассоциированных патологических процессах.

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