The ClinicianThe ClinicianКлиницист1818-83382412-8775Publishing House ABV Press19010.17650/1818-8338-2015-9-2-13-22REVIEWОБЗОРREHABILITATION IN CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOSURGERYРЕАБИЛИТАЦИЯ В КАРДИОЛОГИИ И КАРДИОХИРУГИИGaltsevaN. V.ГальцеваН. В.
Russian Federation

 

galceva_nadezhda@mail.ruFederal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery of the Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «Федеральный центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии» Минздрава России6 Stasova St., Penza, 440071, RussiaРоссия, 440071, Пенза, ул. Стасова, 6150420159213221308201513082015Copyright ©; 2015, Galtseva N.V.Copyright ©; 2015, Гальцева Н.В.2015Galtseva N.V.Гальцева Н.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://klinitsist.abvpress.ru/Klin/article/view/190

At the present time effectiveness of rehabilitation programs after heart surgery, myocardial infarction, and in some cases for coronary artery disease (CAD) is undeniable. According to the researches, physical exercises, which underlie cardio rehabilitation of patients with CAD, reduce cardiac mortality. In the review accumulated scientific data about modern approaches to cardio rehabilitation is discussed: goals, indications, contraindications, its organization, advantages. Controlled training in patients with CAD, making a complex program of cardio rehabilitation, kinds of control during cardio training are described in details. In this review the second phase of physical rehabilitation after cardiac surgery – a stationary phase, protocols of which are subjective and often contested, is considered. More frequently physical rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass surgery is doing breathing exercises, as there is data that physical exercises, in which tangential force vector in or around the sternum appears, should be avoided for at least 3 months after surgery. On the other hand, avoiding of heaving during the first weeks after surgery leads to more pronounced atrophy of the chest muscles. 

But there is data, according to which, early beginning of an adapted program of cardio rehabilitation (1–2 weeks after surgery) is safely, it accelerates recovery and does not increase problems with the sternum. In this review the following idea is suggested: in order to follow the stages of rehabilitation after cardiac surgery it is necessary to start it on the stationary stage, and control of load rehabilitation programs must be carried out using hemodynamic changes during exercises, energy, SF-36 questionnaire. 

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