The ClinicianThe ClinicianКлиницист1818-83382412-8775Publishing House ABV Press14410.17650/1818-8338-2014-1-28-33ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONSОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕCAROTID ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESION IN YOUNG PATIENTSАТЕРОСКЛЕРОТИЧЕСКОЕ ПОРАЖЕНИЕ СОННЫХ АРТЕРИЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ МОЛОДОГО ВОЗРАСТАPizovaN. V.ПизоваН. В.
Russian Federation
DruzhininD. S.ДружининД. С.
Russian Federation
druzhininds@gmail.comYaroslavl State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of RussiaГБОУ ВПО «Ярославская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России150120148128332311201423112014Copyright ©; 2014, Pizova N.V., Druzhinin D.S.Copyright ©; 2014, Пизова Н.В., Дружинин Д.С.2014Pizova N.V., Druzhinin D.S.Пизова Н.В., Дружинин Д.С.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://klinitsist.abvpress.ru/Klin/article/view/144

Objective: to determine the incidence of atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid and vertebral arteries of young patients from Doppler ultrasound data and to compare the quantitatively assessed traditional risk factors of coronary heart disease (CHD) with severe extracranial artery atherosclerotic lesion.

Subjects and methods. Doppler ultrasound was carried out evaluating structural changes in the aortic arch branches in 1563 railway transport workers less than 45 years of age. A separate sample consisted of 68 young people with carotid atherosclerotic changes, in whom traditional risk factors for CHD were studied, so were in a control group of individuals without atherosclerotic changes (n = 38).

Results. Among the examinees, carotid atherosclerotic lesion was detected in 112 (7.1 %) cases, the increase in the rate of atherosclerotic plaques in patients aged 35–45 years being 9.08 %; that in the rate of local intima-media thickness in those aged 31–40 years being 5.1 %. Smoking (particularly that along with hypercholesterolemia and a family history of cardiovascular diseases), obesity (along with low activity), and emotional overstrain were defined as important risk factors in the young patients. Moreover, factor analysis has shown that smoking,hypertension, and early cardiovascular pathology in the next of kin makes the greatest contribution to the development of carotid atherosclerotic lesion.

Conclusion. Among the patients less than 45 years of age, carotid and vertebral artery atherosclerotic changes were found in 112 (7.1 %) cases, which were more pronounced in male patients. Smoking, particularly along with hypercholesterolemia and genetic predisposition to cardiovascular diseases, was a risk factor that had the highest impact on the degree of atherosclerotic lesion in the aortic arch branches of the young patients.

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